Various forms of some letters

There are variations of some of the letters of the Alphabet caused by vowelling, among other things. For example, the ء sometimes comes on its own and sometimes needs a supporting letter, in which case this letter is either ا or و or ي depending on the vowel above/below ء, and where the ء is placed in the word.

note1ء
note2ؤ
note3إ
note3ئ
note4آ
note5ا
note5ى
note6ة

A word about ء

When ء comes at the beginning of a word it must be above/below an ا. It is placed below if it is vowelled with a ــِـ, otherwise it is placed above. In any other position in a word, if it is supported by an ا it is always placed above, even if vowelled with a ــِـ.

Notes:

  1. Here ء is without support
  2. ء support by و
  3. إ is only found at the beginning of a word, ئ never at the beginning.
  4. أ with the long vowel ــَا
  5. sometimes in place of ا in the long vowel ــَا; always at the end of a word
  6. another form of ت, frequently suffixed to a noun to indicate that it is feminine. Always comes at the end of nouns; never found with verbs of particles.